Open Translation

Why an Open Translation?

 

✓ V0.11 beta now online! The reading edition of the Open Translation is available on God's Word (Dutch). Margin notes, Strong’s numbers, and commentary will follow.

Note: the Open Translation is a Dutch-language Bible translation. This page describes the project in English; the translation itself is in Dutch.

All modern Dutch Bible translations (HSV, NBV21, BGT) are protected by copyright. That means you may not freely copy, share, or reuse them without permission from the publisher.

There are translations that are in the public domain, such as the Statenvertaling (1637/1888) and the Petrus Canisius Translation (1929). But these are hard to read for many people because of their outdated language. They do, however, form an excellent starting point: faithful to the original text and free of rights.

We believe that God's Word does not belong behind a copyright. That is why we are working on the Open Translation: a revision of the Statenvertaling in understandable Dutch that is free of copyright.

Public Domain (CC0)
The Open Translation is released under CC0. Anyone may freely use, copy, print, and distribute the text. Without permission. Without cost. Forever.

Psalm 119:105 Your word is a lamp to my feet, and a light for my path.

Core principle

The SV1888 is the starting point. Change only what truly is no longer understood. Literalness takes priority over readability. Every word that can be retained, is retained.

Dutch Bible translations form a spectrum from literal to free:

SV 1637 → SV 1888 → Open Translation → NBG-51 → HSV → EBV → NBV-21

The Open Translation stays as close as possible to the SV1888. Deviations are made only for grammatical cases that are no longer understood, the divine Name, and outdated conjugations.

What is changed

Minimal modernization

Only these categories are adjusted (Dutch source words and their replacements):

SV 1888 Open Translation Explanation
den / der / desde / van de / van hetGrammatical cases
dien / dezen / denzelvendie / dezeDemonstrative case forms
hetwelkdat / waarinRelative pronoun
gij / Giju / UForm of address
zeidezeiPast tense (“zeiden” retained)
NeenNeeModern spelling
HabelAbelCustomary Dutch spelling
dewijlomdatOutdated conjunction
dochmaar / echterOutdated conjunction
hetgeenwatOutdated pronoun
iegelijkiedereen / elkOutdated pronoun
wederomopnieuw / weerOutdated adverb
terstondmeteenOutdated adverb
mitsgadersen ook / samen metOutdated conjunction
desgelijksevenzo / ookOutdated adverb
gansegeheleOutdated adjective
eer (= voordat)voordatOutdated conjunction
moedemoeOutdated form
wienwieOutdated case form
dezer / dezesvan dezeOutdated case form
maagschapfamilie / verwantenOutdated word
havebezittingen / goederenOutdated word
verbeiddewachtteOutdated verb
vertoefdebleef / wachtteOutdated verb
wederkerenterugkerenOutdated verb
gedichtselmaaksel / schepselOutdated word
voortsverder / vervolgensOutdated adverb
voorwaarwerkelijk / zekerOutdated adverb
liedenmensenOutdated word
wijfjevrouwtjeOutdated word
alleenlijkalleen / slechtsOutdated adverb
overmitsomdat / aangezienOutdated conjunction
geenszinsin geen gevalOutdated adverb
droefheidverdrietOutdated word
tegenwoordigheidaanwezigheidOutdated word
gramschapwoede / toornOutdated word
aardrijkaarde / landOutdated word
nevensnaast / bijOutdated preposition
wijdersverderOutdated adverb
arendadelaarOutdated word
derhalvedaaromOutdated adverb
benevensnaast / samen metOutdated preposition
nademaalaangezienOutdated conjunction
naardienaangezien / omdatOutdated conjunction
altemaalallemaalOutdated spelling
indienalsOutdated conjunction
alzozoOutdated adverb
aldaardaarOutdated adverb
geschiedengebeurenOutdated verb
u zijtu bentOutdated conjugation
waartwasOutdated conjugation
waardigwaardOutdated adjective
beginselbeginOutdated word
wassengroeienOutdated verb
genooduitgenodigdOutdated verb
alredealOutdated adverb
gaaftgafOutdated conjugation
gijzelvenuOutdated pronoun
doorluchtigglorierijkOutdated adjective
Koninkrijk GodsKoninkrijk van GodCase
Zoon GodsZoon van GodCase
kinderen Godskinderen van GodCase
toorn Godstoorn van GodCase
Lam GodsLam van GodCase
engelen Godsengelen van GodCase

Biblical idioms retained

Not used Used instead Explanation
Laat er licht zijnEr zij lichtJussive form with commanding force
Laat de aarde voortbrengenDe aarde brenge voortDirect command form for God's creation words
Laten Wij mensen makenLaat Ons mensen maken“Us” retained as form of address of the Trinity

Sentence structure

Follow the sentence structure of the SV1888 as closely as possible. Do not split long sentences and do not add words that are not in the source text. The sentence structure may seem “awkward” by modern standards — the original structure weighs more heavily than fluent modern prose.

Divine names

Old Testament

Statenvertaling Open Translation Hebrew
HEEREJAHWEHיהוה (JHWH)
GodGodאלהים (Elohim)
de HEERE GodGod JAHWEHיהוה אלהים — God first, then the Name
Heere HEEREAdonai JAHWEHאדני יהוה
Heere (= Adonai)Heereאדני — not JAHWEH; this is a different title
HEERE der heirscharenJAHWEH van de legermachtenיהוה צבאות (JHWH Tsevaot)
God de AlmachtigeEl Shaddaiאל שדי
God de AllerhoogsteEl Elyonאל עליון

New Testament

Statenvertaling Open Translation Greek
Heere (= God, in OT quotations)JAHWEH [Kurios]Κυριος
Heere (= Jesus)Heer [Kurios]Κυριος
GodGod [Theos]Θεος
ChristusChristus [Christos]Χριστος
JezusJezus [Ièsous]Ἰησους

Source text

Old Testament

Primary source: BHS/BHQ (Codex Leningradensis).
Dead Sea Scrolls and LXX variants are noted in margin notes where relevant.

New Testament

Primary source: NA28/ECM.
Where the SV follows a TR reading that is not found in the oldest manuscripts, the NA28 reading is adopted. The TR reading is noted in the margin note.

Theological choices

Avoiding time-bound disputes

The margin notes avoid time-bound theological disputes (Counter-Remonstrants–Remonstrants, anti-Catholic polemic). The text must remain purely biblical. Where the source text allows multiple readings, these are presented honestly side by side.

No qualification of God's Word

Formulations in margin notes that qualify or relativise God's Word are removed. For example, “Spoken about God in human terms” at Gen. 8:1 suggests the text means something other than what it says. We take God's Word literally.

Margin notes

The original margin notes of the Statenvertaling are carried over and translated into contemporary Dutch. In content they remain as close as possible to the original.

Hebrew and Greek words

Where a margin note discusses a Hebrew or Greek word, the word is given both in its original script and in transliteration:

Testament Example
OT“Heb. nefesh (נֶפֶשׁ), soul”
NT“Gr. kosmos (κοσμος), world”

Type designations

  1. Explanation — clarification of the text
  2. Cross-reference — parallel passages
  3. Textual criticism — manuscript variants
  4. Source text — Hebrew/Greek word meaning
  5. Name explanation — etymology at first mention

Translation rules

  1. Spell out Hebrew/Greek words — always with original script + transliteration, e.g. “Heb. tsaba (צָבָא), host”
  2. Bible references as clickable links
  3. Abbreviations spelled out — “D.” → “That is to say:”, “N.” → “Namely”
  4. Modernize book abbreviations — Psal. → Ps., Actor. → Acts, Genes. → Gen., Apocal. → Rev.
  5. Avoid time-bound disputes — the text must remain purely biblical

Formatting

Technical principles

Data model

All Bible data is stored as JSON — one file per Bible book (83 books: 66 canonical + 16 apocryphal + 1 prayer book). Each verse contains multiple editions:

Field Description
text1637 / text1637_htmlStatenvertaling 1637 (original)
textSV1888 / textSV1888_htmlStatenvertaling 1888 (Tukker spelling)
text2026 / text2026_htmlOpen Translation 2026 (CC0)
grondtekstHebrew/Greek per word with Strong’s numbers and morphology
marginNotesMargin notes in three editions (1637, 1888, 2026)
statusEditing status: empty / draft / review / final

Source text and Strong’s

The complete source text (441,868 words, 83% coverage) is linked to Strong’s numbers for direct access to the Hebrew and Greek meaning. Sources:

Direct speech and God-quotations

Phrase-level diff

An automated diff system compares the Open Translation with the SV1888 at the phrase level, using known replacement patterns (cases, divine names, etc.). This has exported 24,722 verses with changes.

Paintings

937 paintings are linked to Bible references: 815 from statenvertaling.net and 122 by Jan van ’t Hoff (gospelimages.com). Each painting includes metadata (artist, year, museum, biblical text).

Statistics

Item Count
Books83 (66 canonical + 16 apocryphal + 1 prayer book)
Verses37,314
Source-text words441,868
God-quotations6,322 verses
Direct quotations (total)5,000+
Outdated words replaced22,112
Paintings937
Book introductions83
Chapter introductions158

View an example: Genesis 1, John 3 & Romans 8 in the Open Translation

All revision principles in detail

Changelog

v0.11

v0.10

v0.9

v0.8

v0.7

v0.6

v0.5

v0.4

v0.1–0.3

Licence

CC0 — Public domain
The Open Translation is released under CC0. Anyone may freely use, copy, print, and distribute the text. Without permission. Without cost. Forever.